Published On: 15 May, 2025 5:21 PM
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Updated On: 26 May, 2025 3:39 PM
Neuropathy and Foot Health: How Nerve Damage Affects Skin and Nails
Diabetes can be a tricky condition to manage, and one of its commoncomplications is
diabetic neuropathy. This condition, which affects millions worldwide, can significantly impact foot health, leading
to severe complications. If you're living with diabetes, understanding neuropathy and how it affects your feet is
crucial. Let's dive into the world of diabetic neuropathy and discover how to keep your feet healthy and happy!
Understanding Diabetic Neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage that often arises from poorly managed
diabetes. It typically starts in the hands or feet and can progress over time if not addressed. Research suggests
that at least 20% of those with type 1 diabetes for over 20 years may experience peripheral neuropathy, while
approximately 15% to 50% of individuals with type 2 diabetes diagnosed for ten years or more may also be
affected.1
Recognising Key Symptoms: Awareness is the best defence!
Here are some common signs of diabetic neuropathy:
- Numbness or Tingling: Many individuals report a “pins and needles” sensation in their feet.
- Pain: Some individuals experience burning, stabbing, or shooting pain that can disrupt daily life.
- Altered Sensations: You might feel unusual sensations or, conversely, a total loss of feeling in your feet. This can lead to not noticing injuries!
- Ulcers: Slow-healing sores on the feet are a red flag and should never be ignored.
- Muscle Weakness: A feeling of weakness in the legs or feet can also occur.
Recognising these symptoms early can lead to timely interventions and help prevent
further complications.
Skin and Nails Changes
As neuropathy progresses, it can lead to noticeable changes in the skin and nails of
your feet:
Nail Changes: Thickening, discoloration, and ingrown toenails may occur due to reduced
blood flow. These changes can make you more susceptible to infections.
Skin Changes: Poor circulation can lead to dry skin, increasing the risk of calluses
and fissures, which create a breeding ground for infections.
These alterations might seem minor, but they significantly increase the likelihood of
complications, which is why regular monitoring of foot health is essential.
Preventive Care & Management
Preventive care is key when managing diabetic neuropathy. Here are some simple yet
effective strategies to keep your feet in tip-top shape:
- Daily Foot Inspections: Make it a habit to check your feet for any changes or abnormalities. Don't forget to look between your toes!
- Nail Care: Trim your toenails straight across to prevent ingrown toenails. If you're struggling with thick nails, consult a podiatrist.
- Proper Footwear: Ensure your shoes fit well and your socks aren't too tight. Consider orthopaedic shoes if you're prone to foot issues.
- Temperature Protection:Protect your feet from extreme temperatures. Insulated shoes in winter are a must!
- Blood Flow Maintenance: Keep active! Try foot-friendly exercises like swimming or walking and remember to elevate your feet when sitting.
- Daily Washing and Moisturising:Clean your feet with warm water, dry them thoroughly, and apply lotion (but avoid between the toes).
- Regular Check-Ups:Don’t skip your healthcare appointments. Have your feet checked regularly to catch any issues early.
KEY STEPS TO DIABETIC FOOT HEALTH
When to Seek Medical Attention
Stay alert! If you notice any of the following symptoms, consult your healthcare
provider promptly:
- Non-healing cuts or sores
- Persistent pain, weakness, or tingling in your hands or feet
- Changes in digestion, urination, or sexual function
- Light-headedness or fainting spells.
Early intervention can prevent serious complications, including amputations, so
regular check-ups are essential.
Conclusion: Take Charge of Your Foot Health
Understanding the relationship between neuropathy and foot health is vital for
managing foot problems in diabetes effectively. By recognising symptoms, monitoring changes, and prioritising
preventive care, you can significantly improve your foot health and overall quality of life.
Reference:
- Diabetes-Related Neuropathy-Cleveland Clinic. Aug 28, 2024. [Internet] [cited March 08, 2025] Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21621-diabetic-neuropathy
- Diabetes-Related Foot Conditions-Cleveland Clinic. March 21, 2024. [Internet] [cited March 08, 2025] Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21510-diabetic-feet
- Diabetic neuropathy-Mayo Clinic.[Internet] [cited March 08, 2025] Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20371580
- McIntosh C. Skin and nail conditions and the diabetic foot. Wound Essentials. 2007.(2)Available at: https://wounds-uk.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/content_9412.pdf#:~:text=Skin%20and%20nail%20changes%20occur%20due%20to,increasing%20susceptibility%20to%20skin%20and%20nail%20infection.
- Your Feet and Diabetes-CDC. May 15, 2024.[Internet] [cited March 08, 2025] Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/diabetes-complications/diabetes-and-your-feet.html#:~:text=Nerve%20damage%20and%20poor%20blood,amputated%20(removed%20by%20surgery).
- NIH-National Cancer Institute. Neuropathy. [Internet] [cited March 08, 2025] Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/neuropathy
- Diabetes and nerve damage-Medline Plus.[Internet] [cited March 08, 2025] Available at: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000693.htm
- Dermatonics. [Internet] [cited March 08, 2025] Available at: https://www.dermatonics.co.uk/pages/professionals
- Diabetes foot care. (n.d.). https://www.sgh.com.sg/patient-care/specialties
- Healthvision.in. Available from ://healthvision.in/wcontent/uploads/2020/10/diabetes-foot-e1603457060270.jpg